Q. Provide a comparison between Transmission Control Protocol(TCP) and User Datagram Protocol(UDP). 5 marks
answer:
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP) are the most widely used Internet protocols. TCP is a connection-oriented protocol, which means, once a connection is established, data can be sent bidirectional. UDP, on the other hand, is a simpler, connectionless Internet protocol. Multiple messages are sent as packets in chunks using UDP.
| TCP | UDP |
|---|---|
| TCP is a connection-oriented protocol. Connection-orientation means that the communicating devices should establish a connection before transmitting data and should close the connection after transmitting the data. | UDP is the Datagram-oriented protocol. This is because there is no overhead for opening a connection, maintaining a connection, and terminating a connection. UDP is efficient for broadcast and multicast types of network transmission. |
| TCP is a connection-oriented protocol. | UDP is a connectionless protocol. |
| The speed for TCP is slower. | UDP is faster as error recovery is not attempted. |
| TCP is heavy-weight. TCP needs three packets to set up a socket connection before any user data can be sent. | UDP is lightweight. There are no tracking connections, ordering of messages, etc. |
| Retransmission of data packets is possible in TCP in case packet get lost or need to resend. | Retransmission of packets is not possible in UDP. |
| Handshakes such as SYN, ACK, and SYNACK are used. | It's a connectionless protocol, which means it doesn't require a handshake. |
| TCP has a (20-60) bytes variable length header. | UDP has an 8 bytes fixed-length header. |
| Eg: HTTP, HTTPs, FTP, SMTP, and Telnet use TCP | Eg: DNS, DHCP, TFTP, SNMP, RIP, and VoIP use UDP |
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